Different materials have different amounts of attraction
for electrons. When two objects rub against each other it is likely
that one will steal electrons from the other.
|

|
When wool is rubbed against a PVC (a
type of plastic) strip, the PVC steals electrons from the wool
because it has a greater attraction for electrons than wool
does. The PVC strip ends up with a negative charge while
the wool ends up with a positive charge. Since PVC is a good
insulator, the charges stay where they are placed. They will
remain there until someone handles the surface of the strip
(grounding it) or until particles in the atmosphere steal the charge
from it. |
|

|
When wool is rubbed against a Nylon
strip (another type of plastic), the wool will steal electrons from
the Nylon because wool has a greater attraction for electrons than
Nylon does. As a result, the Nylon ends up positively charged
and the wool ends up negative. Since Nylon is a good
insulator, the charges will also stay where they are
placed. They will remain there until someone handles the
surface of the strip (grounding it) or until particles in the
atmosphere steal the charge from it. |
 |
After the two strips have been
charged by rubbing them with wool cloth, if they are brought near
each other, there is a force of attraction which pulls the two
strips together. If the two strips had like charges, they
would repel each other and move apart.
By experimenting with just the plastic strips and the wool it is
impossible to tell which one is positive and which is negative.
(unless you've seen the
animations) |
|