Black Humour-2
A series "Caprichos" by F. Goya considerably influenced the art of the XXth century. Its humour is tragic, grotesque and "black" because it overthrows the routine of human existence and brings cosmic and human together. It is a visual absurd born by reality. The same reality brought to life horrible characters of E. T.-A. Hoffmann, and influenced J. Callot's fantasies. The absurd world perception was quite common with the people of that time, because it made people free from daily routine. Basically, the thesis of human freedom is the basis of existentialism - the philosophical ground of black humour.

The artists of all the times and countries use the elements of "black humour" in their works this or that way. Caricaturists also devoted some of their works to it ( see "Satiricon" 1908, 1912). Dadaists and surrealists overthrew all accepted "esthetic" rules and made absurd the banner of their art. The most famous of them is S. Dali - the greatest jester of the XXth century, who devoted all his life and works to the irrational. His paintings and drawings look like "black" caricatures. In 1970s S. Dali himself became the figure of "strange" humour, participating, for example, in making photos for the "Pins" magazine.

The notion "black humour" is quite relative. Hardly any drawn terrible thing is not real. Unlike cinema, painting, and literature "black" caricature contains mockery at violent art, although it uses its devices. Interpreting the topic of "restrained wishes", a caricaturist makes fun of Freudism, although according to Z. Freud humour protects people from emotions like anger, wrath, disgust, and horror.

Caricature itself can not be completely irrational, or absurd because there should be space for humour.

"Black humour" sometimes helps penetrate into the heart of the problem the artist touches upon. The laughter of absurd is always on the borderline between consciousness and sub-consciousness. Only few caricaturists can work successfully in this genre. R. Topor is considered to be the "father" of "black humour", sometimes rude, mischievous, and fairy. The artist sets off his works against not only traditional art, but specific aestheticism. Being enthusiastic about the works of Bosch and Goya, Topor thinks his art is like a scream of terror. In his caricatures absurd is like pepper.

A. Chechot is supposed to be a humorous philosopher. He draws in pop-art style.

In 1998 in Bucharest a festival of "black" caricature was held.


7. A. Mlechko.


3. E. Viyralt. The Hell. Detail. 1930.


2. A. Beardsley. A vignette from the book "Witticisms" by S. Smith and R. Sheridan. 1894.


1. Re-Mi. All is well. "Satiricon". 1908.


5. F. Staroveisky. Poster.


9. V. Bogorad.


4. V. Ivanov. Vera, Nadezhda, Lubov... (Belief, Hope, Love...) 1960s.


8. P. Kardon.


6. R. Topor.


By Dmitry Moskin
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