Dovzhenko wrote:"Laughter and fun
are great things. In time of need one having a talent can become a jester
and cheer up and entertain people". Dovzhenko was a wonderful caricaturist.
He drew caricatures of F. Fellini not for fun but for money. He also drew
cartoons and caricatures of the movie stars.
Cinema is closely connected with laughter Charlie Chaplin made silent
movies pieces of art although laughter appeared in the cinemas even earlier.
The first movie producers used cartoon strips made by professional
caricaturists. The subjects for the first movies were borrowed from the
humorous magazines. ChaplinТs films have much in common with drawn humour .
He himself knew that and in 1914 drew his own image.
S. Eisenstein liked to draw caricatures of his friends. Though he did not
become a professional caricaturist he used his artistic talent in his films.
In his caricature (1932) Eisenstein drew himself crucified head over heels.
The artist foresaw his creative fate, foretold his future in his films.
F. Fellini showed the present society using grotesque, sarcasm, irony,
laughter, and games. His actors had unusual appearance, they looked like
cartoon characters.
S. Paradganov, Scola, and other film producers drew caricatures.
A lot of actors were talented caricaturists Ц B. Tshukin, A. Katisinski,
Yu. Bogatirev. V. Karyachkin in a series of caricatures "About a Festival
with a Smile" (1971) showed the participants of the Film Festival in Moscow
(S. Bondarchuk, D. Olbrikhski, and others). In caricatures an actor becomes
closer to the audience. The image is even more expressive when there is a
funny caption above or below a picture ( for example, captions by V. Gaft in
the book by K. Kukso "Familiar Strangers").
Humorous newspapers and magazines always publish caricatures of film
producers and famous actors. Through caricatures many ideological problems
were solved - distinct and plain characters in the Soviet films, good work
of the film industry, bad western movies, and harmful influence of
Hollywood. Silly and boring western movies about cowboys and spies were
criticized (L. Samoilov "In the prairies of Bonn", 1951). The "Crocodile"
magazine attacked movie violence and anarchy. (I. Semenov. Hollywood film "CorpseТs
revenge", 1951). Caricaturists attacked Pazolini for the cannibal theme,
Fellini - for erotica. The actors that were ready for humiliating tricks for
the sake of publicity were also criticized.. For example, in 1950
Fernandelle was ridiculed when he was pictured with a smiling horse to
demonstrate his own resemblance with this animal. In 1995 two international
caricature exhibitions were held (in Foligno and Bordiger).