People of Art - Caricaturists (Russia)
Humour and caricature art played an important role in the life of many Russian writers, artists, and musicians. Caricature art and humour in literature historically is the successor of the Old Russian impersonal humour (festive games and rites). The unique aristocracy drawings and poetry collections of the late XVIIth - early XXth century have the humorous pictures of V. Zhukovsky, A. Pushkin, A. Orlovsky, A. Venetsianov, P. Fedotov, P. Chelishev, etc. Such albums were very popular and even stories connected with them became caricatures (Gagarin's caricature "Gagarin, rescuing himself from the ladies heaping him up with the albums". 1820s).

It is widely-known that A. Pushkin was a talented caricaturist. He drew caricatures of himself pointing out his "Negro" features. M. Lermontov also humorously pictured his friends, foes, and himself ridiculing his short size and crooked legs. P. Yakovlev painted humorous portraits of his contemporaries -N. Grech, P. Svinyin, and F. Bulgarin. K. Brullov drew caricatures, too. N. Stepanov in one of his caricatures pictures Brullov in the military uniform, with a sword, and medals, walking at the head of an artist A. Varnek's funeral train. I. Turgenev had an amazing sense of humour, he studied drawing all his life.

A lot of writers showed their caricature skills during years of the First Russian Revolution (1905-1906). many writers and poets were the painters - A. Blok, A. Beliy, A. Remizov, S. Gorodetsky. A. Remizov in emigration made hand-written albums with illustrations (nearly 430). There is a variety of humorous and grotesque-fantastic pictures in those albums. The writer began to draw cartoons in 1919 when he attended "Brodyachaya Sobaka" ("Stray Dog") club. There are his caricatures of A. Akhmatova, O. Mandelshtam, A. Volinsky, and others drawn in the club. There are his caricatures of V. Mayakovsky, Mayakovsky's caricatures were shown at students' exhibitions in 1913, in 1914 he drew cartoons at the "Lubok today" publishing house. F. Shalyapin and S. Eizenstein also drew caricatures. In Eizenstein's school papers there are pictured stories, what later was called a cartoon strip. His caricatures of V. Kataev, L. Coifertis, A. Dovzhenko are well-known. G. Kozintsev's costumes sketches in the Gogol's "Wedding" are full of humour. Kozintsev drew caricatures and scenery to fictitious plays.

The well-known artists V. Serov, M. Vrubel, M. Nesterov, B. Kustodiev drew caricatures. The humorous "portrait icon" of M. Cheremnikh was made by O. Savostyuk in 1985. The caricature exhibition of the journalists Vail, Genis, Paramonov, Gendler was held at the radio "Svoboda" ("Freedom") office, where the famous writer S. Dovlatov had worked.

Humour of today's artists O. Tselkov, E. Neizvestny, M. Shemyakin is philosophical and tragic. This is the humour of the late XXth century.

"Humour is Don Quixote who keeps fighting even if there is no hope. When a person laughs he rises up his head" (F. Krivin_.



3. F. Shalyapin. Caricature of E. Karuso.


5. I. Turgenev. Self-caricature.


6. S. Eizenstein. Alexander Dovzhenko - soldier of the revolution.


4. A. Beliy. Caricature of V. Brusov.


2. V. Mayakovsky. Self- caricature.


9. A. Remizov. Caricature of Y. Annenkov. 1919.

 


1. M. Lermontov. Three civil men. Detail.



7. M. Vrubel. Caricature of S. Mamontov.


8. L. Bakst. Self-caricature with J. Cocteau.

 



By Dmitry Moskin
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