Themes > Arts > Music > Musical Instruments > Musical Instruments of South Asia > Flute with Vocal Drone

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The originality of this flute lies in its complex performing technique, which contrasts with its extremely simple structure. The pipe is made out of a species of wood and measures almost one metre long: four finger-holes are pierced towards the lower end. The simple mouth-hole cut at the opposite end has a slightly beveled rim. Both the type of this mouth-hole and the length of the pipe oblige the musician to keep his instruments in a slanting position. This occurs in a number of instruments of this kind, end-blown flutes held obliquely, of which the prototype is the Persian nay. They are widespread in the musical traditions of the Near East, the Balkans and the Maghreb in particular.

The nar of Rajasthan, like its namesakes in Pakistan and Baluchistan, is played with a very special technique, whereby the musician accompanies the melody with a modulated drone uttered simultaneously from the throat. This combination of vocal and instrumental practices creates unusual sound effects, to which a skilled performer may add at will. Here is an example played by a herdsman from the Thar desert, whose repertoire as such remains confined to just a few pastoral tunes.