Jarry, Alfred (1873-1907) 

French playwright and poet, born in Laval. His savagely funny dramas as well as his dissolute and eccentric way of life won him much notice. Ubu roi (1896; trans. 1951), Jarry's first play, lambastes traditional views of authority by presenting the rise to power of a grotesque and pompous king, Ubu, who symbolizes greed, ignorance, and the bourgeois attitudes that Jarry found ridiculous. The farce, which caused a scandal at its opening, is considered the first work of the theater of the absurd; it was followed by two sequels. Jarry also wrote symbolist poetry and a surrealistic novel, The Supermale (1902; trans. 1968).