Margaret Mee made a significant contribution to the worlds of science and conservation. She was both botanical artist and conservationist. Unusually, the drawings that she made of the plants she studied in the Amazon were skilfully executed whilst on location. Her many paintings, just over 400 in total, were sketched in pencil and then painted with gouache. Significantly, some of the species that Mee was able to paint in their natural habitat had not been identified before. In addition, some of the floras, including the genus Neoregelia Margareteae, are only known scientifically through her detailed botanical illustrations.
It took 24 years of exploring and painting before she was able to faithfully record Selenicerueus Wittii (Cactaceae) or "Moonflower" because it only bloomed at night. During her years of travelling in the remote Amazon, Mee's consternation grew in terms of how the area and thus all of its flora would remain protected. Her conservationist attitude was mirrored in her illustrations, as she began to include the natural habitat in the background of the paintings, her hope being that by including the natural habitat, this would emphasise the interdependency between plant and environment.