Rothschild, Nathaniel Mayer Victor, 3rd Baron (1910-1990)  

British zoologist, businessman, and scientific administrator.

Brother of the zoologist Miriam Rothschild (1908- ), Rothschild studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, and embarked on an academic career, becoming a fellow of Trinity College (1935-39). He succeeded to the barony on the death of his uncle in 1937. Distinguished service in counter-sabotage activities during World War II earned him the George Medal. He served as chairman of the Agricultural Research Council (1948-58), stressing the need for academic research to be free of narrowly defined objectives. He was appointed assistant director of research in the zoology department at Cambridge (1950-70), where his own research focused on sperm locomotion and how fertilization of the egg is achieved. He wrote Fertilization (1956) and A Classification of Living Animals (1961). In 1959 he joined the Shell Oil Company as a part-time advisor, becoming chairman of Shell Research Ltd (1963-70). In 1971 he was appointed by the Heath government to be the first director-general of the Central Policy Review Staff - the so-called 'think tank' - with the aim of examining government policies in a broader and longer-term context than hitherto. It was seen as a controversial appointment in view of Rothschild's former allegiance to the Labour Party in the House of Lords. He also served on other government committees, notably as chairman of the Royal Commission on Gambling (1976-78), and was also chairman of Rothschilds Continuation and a director of the family merchant bank, N. M. Rothschild and Sons.