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aeronautical engineer who designed the airship R-100, and during World War
II perfected the 'bouncing bombs' used by the Royal Air Force Dambusters
Squadron to destroy the German Möhne and Eder dams in 1943. He also
assisted in the development of the Concorde supersonic airliner and developed
the swing wing aircraft. Wallis was born in Derbyshire and trained as a marine engineer. From shipbuilding he turned to the design of airships and then to aeroplanes. He joined the Vickers Company 1911 and worked there as a designer until the end of World War II, moving to the British Aircraft Corporation 1945. In the G4-31 biplane 1932, Wallis introduced a lattice-work system derived from the wire-netting used to contain the gas bags on the airship R-100. A full geodesic structure was first employed in the monoplane that became the Wellesley bomber. In the Wallis lattice pattern, if one series of members was in tension, the opposite members were in compression, so that the system was stress-balanced in all directions. The Wellesley was responsible for a great technical advance in design in the mid-1930s, which eventually produced the Wellington bomber of World War II. |