| It's
said that Lynd Ward decided to be an artist when, in the first grade, he
realized that "draw" was "Ward" spelled backwards. He was born in Chicago in
1905. He studied art at Teachers College, Columbia University (the
same college attended by
Dorothy Lathrop)
and graduated in 1926. He married May McNeer the week they graduated and
immediately sailed for a year in Europe.
Ward
spend much of that time attending the Leipzig Academy for Graphic Arts
where he was taught the art of wood engraving by Hans Alexander Mueller. He
was also exposed to the work and ideas of the Belgian Frans Masereel and the
German
Otto Nuckel. Both of these artists were exploring the limits of
telling stories with pictures and no words. That year and those artists had
an indelible impact on Ward and his career. When the Wards returned to the
U.S., Lynd was already hard at work honing his illustrative talents and
planning his first novel without words. This was to be Gods' Man in
November of 1929 (shown at left). This was to be his first published
"writing", though he had already illustrated the works of others, including
Prince Bantam by McNeer earlier in 1929. With 139 images engraved on
wood and printed on one side of the page, Gods' Man (note the
apostrophe position) was as thick as a 290 page text novel and sold quite
well despite having been released the week of the stock market crash. It was
in its third printing by January of 1930.
Ward
was to produce five additional novels in woodcuts, Mad Man's Drum,
Wild Pilgrimage, Prelude to a Million Years, Song Without
Words, and Vertigo, by 1937 as well as wood-engraved
illustrations for editions of Faust, Frankenstein, and others.
Now That the Gods are Dead was published in 1932 in a signed limited
edition of 400 and contained four striking wood-engraved plates printed in
blue/green ink (see right). The illustrations for all of these (and other)
books, plus many of his wood-engraved Christmas cards and prints can be
found in the 1974 Storyteller Without Words which also features his
comments on the medium and on his work. Nothing matches the clarity and
impact of the originals, but it is an impressive collation of a large body
of work.
It's
a mistake to think of Ward only as a wood-engraver. Even during his first
decade he was producing a wide range of illustrative material in a rich
variety of styles. Prince Bantam, mentioned earlier, has a painted
color frontispiece (repeated as the dust jacket) and very tight pen and ink
and detailed stippling combined with some surprising flowing brush work. The
storm-tossed ships at sea below is a good example. The luscious watercolor
tiger at left is from The Cat Who Went to Heaven (1930) and the early
experiment in color wood block printing below is from Waif Maid, also
1930 and also a collaboration with May McNeer. 1939 saw the publication of
Ward's interpretation of Beowulf, which he rendered in a soft but
angular lithographic crayon (?) style. The limited palette of brown and blue
seems to heighten the tension and drama. See the image below of Beowulf
tearing Grendel's arm off for a sample. |
 An
exhaustive list of his books is beyond the scope of this essay. Throughout
the Forties and Fifties, though he occasionally did an adult illustrated
book, his focus was children's books. Some, like The Little Red
Lighthouse (1942, left), were for other authors, but more and more he
wrote his own material or collaborated with May McNeer. A series of
biographies of famous Americans featured Paul Revere, Ethan Allen, Robert E.
Lee, John Muir, and others. The Biggest Bear in 1952 won him the
Caldecott Medal. Dust jacket paintings continue to turn up, providing us
with new images. The Rivers Ran East is a verdant view of a South
American rain forest. His illustrations appeared often in Boy's Life
in the early Sixties.
In
1973 Ward returned to the story without words with The Silver Pony,
the story of a lonely boy and a flying horse done in a lithographic style.
Lynd Ward died in 1985. |