|
The Subclass Dilleniidae, includes 18 orders,
116 families and over 60,000 species. The largest subclass with
regard to number of families and more or less tied with the Asteridae with
regard to species divrsity. As was the case with the Dilleniidae,
about 75% of the species occur in five orders; in this case the Fabales
(18,000), Myrtales (9,000), Euphorbiales (8,000), Rosales
(6,600) and Sapindales (5,400).
A diverse set of flowering
plant orders that, like the Dilleniidae, lacks a distinct set of
key characters. General trends or features of the Subclass include:
- syncarpy is the rule,
with the exception of the high frequency of apocarpy in the Rosales
and monocarpy in the Fabales and Proteales.
- Leaves are often simple
or, if compound, often pinnately compound
- petals usually distinct,
sometimes wanting, sometimes connate at the base, rarely sympetalous.
- nectary disks of various
types are frequently encountered, many stamodial in origin and
positioned at the base of the ovary.
- placentation is
various, but most often axile with, generally, fewer ovules per locule
than found in the Dilleniidae.
Cronquist: "In the last analysis, the Rosidae
and Dilleniidae are kept apart as subclasses because each seems to
constitute a natural group separately derived from the ancentral Magnoliidae,
rather than because of any definitive distinguishing characters...it is
conceptually more useful to hold the two as separate subclasses than to
combine them into one or to abandon any attempt at organization of the
Magnoliopsida into subclasses." THEREFORE: Focus here
is on distinctive characters at the order and family level. |