| Themes > Science > Physics > Elementary particle physics > Elementary particle physics Today > Branes > Multiple Branes and Gauge Theories |
Here
(left) we have a pair of D-branes, with superstrings stretching between
them.
When the brane-brane strings are stretched, their vinrations have masses proportional to their length times their tension, and hence they do not generate addtional fields. If however the branes become coincident - that is, if they occupy the same place or position, new massless fields enter the theory. These new fields coming from brane-brane string modes with coordinates parallel to the spacetime world-volume produce extra vectors in the theory. For N coincident branes ("N" means a certain numner, or any number), the gauge symmetry gets enhanced to U(N). ("U" being the symmetry group. The larger N is the more complex the group). There are also N scalars coming from the modes with coordinates transverse to the world-volume. These are the positions of the N branes in the transverse space. Moving the branes away from each other will break the gauge symmetry from U(N) to a subgroup. This is the Higgs mechanism. The motion of branes in space-time may be described by the simple dynamics of the gauge theories which arise on their space-time world volumes. |
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