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In Europe the great religious architectural sculptures of the Romanesque
and Gothic periods form integral parts of the church buildings, and often
a single cathedral incorporates thousands of figural and narrative
carvings. Outstanding among the Romanesque sculptural programs of the
cathedrals and churches of Europe are those at Vézelay, Moissac, and
Autun (France); Hildesheim (Germany); and Santiago de Compostela
(Portugal). Remarkable sculptures of the Gothic era are to be found at
Chartres and Reims (France); Bamberg and Cologne (Germany). Most of this
art is anonymous, but as early as the 13th cent. the individual sculptor
gained prominence in Italy with
Nicola and Giovanni Pisano.
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