| Themes > Science > Physics > Fluid Dynamics > Fluid dynamics and Bernoulli's equation > Why curveballs curve |
Bernoulli's equation can be used to explain why curveballs curve. Let's say the ball is thrown so it spins. As air flows over the ball, the seams of the ball cause the air to slow down a little on one side and speed up a little on the other. The side where the air speed is higher has lower pressure, so the ball is deflected toward that side. To throw a curveball, the rotation of the ball should be around a vertical axis.
It's a little more complicated than that, actually. Although the picture here shows nice streamline flow as the air moves left relative to the ball, in reality there is some turbulence. The air does exert a force down on the ball in the figure above, so the ball must exert an upward force on the air. This causes air that travels below the ball in the picture to move up and fill the space left by the ball as it moves by, which reduces drag on the ball. |
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